Corvidae Leach, 1820 sec. Corvids of the World
Distribution
Africa East Tropical Africa nativeA; Macaronesia (Canary Is. (Canary Is. nativeA), Cape Verde (Cape Verde nativeA)); Northeast Tropical Africa nativeA; Northern Africa nativeA; South Tropical Africa nativeA; Southern Africa nativeA; West Tropical Africa nativeA; West-Central Tropical Africa nativeA; Western Indian Ocean (Madagascar (Madagascar nativeA)), Asia-Temperate Arabian Peninsula nativeA; Caucasus nativeA; China nativeA; Eastern Asia (Japan nativeA, Korea nativeA, Nansei-shoto (Nansei-shoto nativeA), Taiwan (Taiwan nativeA)); Middle Asia nativeA; Mongolia (Mongolia (Mongolia nativeA)); Russian Far East nativeA; Siberia nativeA; Western Asia nativeA, Asia-Tropical Indian Subcontinent (Assam (Assam nativeA), Bangladesh (Bangladesh nativeA), East Himalaya nativeA, India nativeA, Maldives (Maldives nativeA), Nepal (Nepal nativeA), Pakistan (Pakistan nativeA), Sri Lanka (Sri Lanka nativeA), West Himalaya nativeA); Indo-China nativeA; Malesia (Borneo nativeA, Jawa (Jawa nativeA), Lesser Sunda Is. (Lesser Sunda Is. nativeA), Malaya (Peninsular Malaysia nativeA), Maluku (Maluku nativeA), Philippines (Philippines nativeA), Sulawesi (Sulawesi nativeA), Sumatera (Sumatera nativeA)); Papuasia nativeA, Australasia Australia (New South Wales nativeA, Northern Territory (Northern Territory nativeA), Queensland (Queensland nativeA), South Australia (South Australia nativeA), Tasmania (Tasmania nativeA), Victoria (Victoria nativeA), Western Australia (Western Australia nativeA)); New Zealand (New Zealand North (New Zealand North introduced: naturalizedA), New Zealand South (New Zealand South introduced: naturalizedA)), Europe nativeA, Northern America nativeA, Pacific North-Central Pacific (Hawaii (Hawaiian Is. nativeA)); Northwestern Pacific (Marianas nativeA); Southwestern Pacific (New Caledonia (New Caledonia nativeA)), Southern America Brazil (Brazil North nativeA, Brazil Northeast nativeA, Brazil Southeast nativeA, Brazil West-Central nativeA); Caribbean (Cuba (Cuba nativeA), Dominican Republic (Dominican Republic nativeA), Haiti (Haiti nativeA), Jamaica (Jamaica nativeA), Puerto Rico (Puerto Rico nativeA), Turks-Caicos Is. (Turks-Caicos Is. nativeA)); Central America nativeA; Northern South America nativeA; Southern South America (Argentina Northeast nativeA, Argentina Northwest nativeA, Chile North (Antofagasta nativeA, Tarapaca nativeA)); Western South America nativeA
Behaviour
Caching is very common in almost all Corvid genera worldwide. de Kort and Clayton (2006) performed tests with captivated birds and compared it with literature sources. Nucifraga, Perisoreus, Garrulus, Cyanocitta and Gymnorhinus are thereafter highly specialized cachers. No caching is known for the South-American genus Calocitta. All others are moderate cachers, as their ancestor might have been too (see Fig 1 in de Kort and Clayton, 2006).H
Ectoparasite
Philopterus corviI
Philopterus leptomelasI
Philopterus albidusI
Philopterus atratusI
Philopterus clayaeI
Philopterus ptilostomiI
Philopterus thryptocephalusI
Philopterus dumaniI
Philopterus guttatusI
Philopterus lahorensisI
Philopterus cubensisI
Philopterus urocissaeI
Philopterus emersoniI
Philopterus ocellatusI
Philopterus dalgleishiI
Philopterus craigiI
Philopterus extraneusI
Philopterus palmaiI
Philopterus stegmanniI
Philopterus picaeI
Philopterus underwoodiI
Philopterus osborniI
Philopterus garruliI
Philopterus martineziI
Philopterus phillipiI
Philopterus crassipesI
Brueelia afzaliJ
Brueelia argulaJ
Brueelia biocellataJ
Colpocephalum fregiliK
Menacanthus gonophaeus
Myrsidea anaspila
Myrsidea bakttitar
Myrsidea brunnea
Myrsidea isostoma
Myrsidea trithorax
Brueelia clayaeJ
Occurrence
Map/screenshot of georeferenced GBIF occurrences for Corvidae, taken on 2012-12-24, showing 9.220.355 records.
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Bibliography
D. Soler, M. & De Neve, L. 2013: Brood mate eviction or brood mate acceptance by brood parasitic nestlings? An experimental study with the non-evictor great spotted cuckoo and its magpie host. – Behaviour ecology and sociobiology 67 (4): 601-607 [6624]
E. Makatsch, W. 1955: Brood parasitism in birds. [Der Brutparasitismus in der Vogelwelt.]: 161 [8672]
F. Makatsch, W. 1955: Brood parasitism in birds. [Der Brutparasitismus in der Vogelwelt.]: 192 [8672]
G. Makatsch, W. 1955: Brood parasitism in birds. [Der Brutparasitismus in der Vogelwelt.]: 194 [8672]
H. de Kort, S.R. & Clayton, N.S. 2006: An evolutionary perspective on caching by corvids. – Proceedings of the Royal Society Biological Sciences Series B 273: 417-423 [1003]
I. Price & Hellenthal: Taxonomy of Philopterus (Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) from the Corvidae (Passeriformes), with descriptions of nine new species. – Annals of the Entomological Society of America 91 (6): 782-799 [78]